Successful shipments start with accurate measurements
Recent changes to the National Motor Freight Classification (NMFC) system have made accurate freight measurement a top priority for anyone shipping LTL. With new rules in place, carriers are relying heavily on size and density to help classify shipments and determine costs. This means even small errors can lead to higher charges, delays or refusals.
But measuring freight correctly isn’t just about avoiding fees. Accurate dimensions ensure shipments fit properly on trailers, reduce the risk of damage and allow carriers to optimize space and routes. This leads to faster deliveries and better service overall. With more commodities than ever based on density, these changes present a great opportunity for shippers to reduce their freight spend by increasing the density of their shipments.
What do size and density mean in LTL?
Size and density both play a role in how LTL shipments are priced and handled.
Size refers to how much space the freight takes up (the length, width and height of boxes, pallets or loose items). This is typically measured in cubic feet.
Density is a way to describe how heavy freight is compared to the space it takes up. It’s calculated by dividing the shipment’s weight in pounds by its cubic footage.
How measurements are used
As mentioned, LTL carriers use this information to determine how your freight is classified, priced and moved across the network. Density helps determine the freight class, which affects your base rate and sets the rules for how shipments need to be packaged, handled and covered for liability.
Many carriers also use dimensional and weight data in their pricing models to account for how much trailer space the freight will take up. The more accurate the data, the more precise the quote, especially when using a TMS or quoting tool that pulls directly from that information to generate pricing and recommend carriers.
Size and weight matter for operations, too. Carriers rely on that data to plan pickups, route freight through terminals, and load trailers in a way that maximizes space and keeps the load balanced.
Getting accurate weight and dimensions
With the NMFC changes now in effect and carrier technology getting more precise, accuracy is key for successful shipments. Here are a few tips to help you get the correct weight and dimensions every time:
Measure everything after it's packaged. Always measure your freight how it will ship, including the pallet, wrapping and any overhang.
Use a tape measure or freight dimensioner. Guessing or rounding can lead to costly mistakes. Use an accurate tool to record length, width and height in inches or feet.
Weigh the full shipment, not just the contents. Include pallets, packaging and protective materials in your total weight.
Use a freight scale when possible. The more accurate your weight, the more likely your quote will match the final invoice. It also builds consistency across your shipping process, especially if you regularly move similar freight.
Record and save data. Keep a record of the dimensions and weight you submit in case of carrier audits or billing disputes.
Print or write the dimensions on your BOL. Clearly listing dimensions on the bill of lading helps carriers verify shipment details and reduces the chance of reweighs, adjustments or disputes.
Learn how to measure cubic footage.
Ship with ArcBest LTL
Getting your weight and dimensions right is an important step, but it’s only part of a smooth LTL shipping experience. You also need a carrier that delivers the service you require.
Put your freight in good hands with ArcBest. With the tools and expertise to turn accurate freight info into accurate pricing and reliable delivery, we help you make the most of every shipment. Get a quote today or connect with a logistics expert to discuss your LTL shipments.